What Does A Financial Advisor Do?

The job of the personal advisor begins with client consultation. At this point an advisor with take note of specific information regarding a client's current finances as well as their future financial goals. Using these to pieces of information, an advisor with then create a thorough plan that identifies problems as well as offer remedies and solutions. A personal advisor will typically meet with the client twice a year to provide updates on the client's financial situation as well as get updates on any changes to the client's lifestyle, to include marriage, divorce or retirement. On the client's behalf, the advisor can purchase or sale a multitude of financial products such as insurance and mutual funds or provide various services including will preparation or the completion of annual taxes.

Some common businesses financial analysts work for are banks, insurance companies, mutual and pension management companies, and securities firms. An analyst's job in these businesses involves the assurance that the companies make sound financial and investment decisions. Analysts read the company's financial statements, analyze prices, costs, sales, expenses and tax rates. All of these elements tie into the projection of future earnings as well as the determination of the value of the company. Financial Analysts are also required in the merger and acquisitions departments of each corporate entity to assess and prepare detailed analyses of the costs and benefits of any potential merger or company takeover.

Economics

Basically, Financial Analysts are essential to every monetary aspect of business and the global world marketplace.

What Does A Financial Advisor Do?

To become a Financial Advisor, a person must have a bachelor's degree in business, finance, accounting, business administration or statistics. A high knowledge level of financial analysis methods as well as accounting procedures and specifics of corporate budget are essential for a financial advisor to have in their day-to-day work needs. While a bachelor's degree is acceptable, a master's degree is preferred for analysts who work at the highest corporate levels. Like corporate analysts and advisors, personal finance advisors are strongly recommended to posses a degree in accounting, finance, economics, business mathematics, or law to best help their clients.

It's best to understand Finance Advisors as much as possible so you can make an informed decision and take the best steps possible to reach your objective. Our time is our so precious and despite cell phones and other conveniences we seem to never have enough of it. See below for more information on Financial Advisor.

What Does A Financial Advisor Do?

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Unleash the Power of Your Menstrual Cycle

On my 12th birthday, at 7:12 pm God gave me the second greatest gift that any girl could ever want. I got my period. My first greatest gift was my boobs and I had already had them; so I was pretty damn happy. I read the book, "Are You There God it's Me, Margaret," twice and identified with the main character's anguish over getting her period. To date, this is still one of my all time favorite books in the world. My mother told me that when my menstrual cycle started that would mean that I had blossomed into a woman capable of giving life and that I should never let a boy come near me. My father gave me a .00 increase in my weekly allowance the day my period started. "You are now a young lady and you need the extra money to buy special girlie things," my daddy said. Ever since my period entered into my life; I have always loved her and she has always been my best friend.

When I was fifteen, she did not come home for two months. I was hoping that she had not run away with a boy-- but unfortunately my instincts were right. After this incident I always tried to control her with synthetic hormones, fertility charts, sexual positions, and a variety of other barriers but she has always had a mind of her own. There were times that I really, really hated her too-- like right before a hot date; a trip to the amusement park, and surprising me while I was wearing my white jeans in my seventh grade home economics class; not to mention the funk that she would put me in alerting me that she was on her way home. Thirty years later I have learned that my menstrual cycle is not simply designed to notify me of whether or not I am ovulating or pregnant; my menstrual cycle holds within it the key to healthy balance in my biological, psychological, and spiritual well-being. As women we are biologically designed to be the emotional givers and nurturers of life. We cook, clean and take care of other people and if it was not for our periods we would never know when to sit down and allow someone else to nurture us and bring us a cup of tea.

Economics

Most theorists, scientist, and researchers believe that the primary purpose of the menstrual cycle is to create and prepare a woman's body for pregnancy. Due to groundbreaking new studies on the impact of hormonal changes on a the female brain and how this affects her behavior, I believe that the menstrual cycle is nature's alarm system that provides women with the emotional, psychological, and cognitive adaptive skills and clues that allow them to function and survive in a male dominated society. A woman's menstrual cycle is nature's psychological and biological navigational map that is designed to guide and instruct her on how to improve her life and maximize her full potential.

Unleash the Power of Your Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle's ebb and flow is not only connected to the waxing and waning of the moon, each week of the cycle is symbolic of the weather cycle of winter, spring, summer and fall as well. Each season of the weather has secrets, rituals and responsibilities that must be utilized to maintain a harmonious flow of nature that stabilizes the environment to maintain and perpetuate the cycle of life. If squirrels do not hide food in the late summer and throughout fall, their species would cease to exist. The same natural wisdom that tells birds when to migrate, bears when to hibernate, and flowers when to blossom is encoded in the menstrual cycle of each woman. Modern women have been conditioned to curse and hate their menstrual cycle as interference in their daily life as opposed to embracing its innate knowledge, wisdom and practical common sense.

A woman's mood, memory, and cognition are affected by her menstrual cycle. The first day of a woman's period is day one of her menstrual cycle. During the two weeks before a woman releases an egg (before ovulating) her moods are dominated by estrogen. Estrogen is an antidepressant hormone that promotes bonding in sexual and non-sexual relationships. Estrogen gives women their secondary sex characteristics, lubricates the vagina and helps it to maintain a thick lining, causes the lining of the uterus to thicken, increases connections in the hippocampus the part of the brain responsible for long term memory, and regulates the liver's production of cholesterol. Testosterone levels also rise within in the first half of the menstrual cycle. Testosterone is responsible for increased mental focus, better mood, increased spatial ability, more energy, muscle and bone growth, more risk-taking, increased orgasms and interest in sex. Testosterone increases your overall sense of well-being and self-esteem. Estrogen and testosterone reach a crescendo together during, spring the second week of the menstrual cycle. During winter and spring, the first two weeks of our menstrual cycle, our brains are more active, rational, focused, and we are better able to hear positive words.

After a woman ovulates her moods are dominated by progesterone which rises in the second half, third week of the menstrual cycle. A woman's sex drive decreases after ovulation. Progesterone neutralizes the effect of estrogen and testosterone. Progesterone causes breast tenderness, sleepiness, fuzzy thinking and increased hunger and thirst. Progesterone lowers anxiety, diminishes anger and is an overall mood stabilizer. After ovulation progesterone causes a woman's body temperature to rise just as the sun increases the heat during the summer. Progesterone is similar to valium; it has a sedative affect that creates a warm, fuzzy, environment to support a growing fetus. In the second half of your menstrual cycle, during late summer and fall, you are more likely to hear and talk about negative emotions. You are also more likely to hear negatively charged words, see yourself as fat, criticize yourself and others and be more intuitive.

Most women tend to be social beings interested in relationships and pleasing others. One of the primary purposes of a woman's menstrual cycle is nature's way of helping her to look inward and take notice of her own needs, desires, strengths, weakness and overall biological and psychological well-being. Do you know the perfect week during the month of your menstrual cycle to travel to unknown destinations, take an exam, end a relationship, clean the garage, be creative, get a pedicure, take a vacation or hang out with your girlfriends? Each week of the menstrual cycle is broken down into a season that correlates with its biological and psychological characteristics. Each season of the menstrual cycle will give suggestions that will help you utilize nature's energy force to maximize your full potential.

Winter 1st Week Release Reflect Week

Like winter, the uterus is barren and empty. The uterus relieves the pain of the past by physically drawing a woman's attention to her body, her emotions and her surroundings. Winter provides the opportunity for renewal.

The first day of your period begins the menstrual cycle. This is the best time of the month to go within and nurture your soul. This is the perfect time for painting, drawing, journaling, meditating, beading, knitting, crocheting, and reading. Be selfish with your time, energy and resources. Don't censure your tears, you need quiet time and space to renew your spirit and become whole again. Connect with yourself and ponder what things, projects or people that are working in your life. Release all things that are not good for you emotionally and psychologically, as natures is doing physically.

This is a good time to work on projects already in progress, and brainstorm new ideas. Watch what you say and how you communicate with others. Your words may be perceived as brutally, icy-cold, brisk, crisp and straight to the point like a freezing winter morning. Your words may be truthful and honest, but without estrogen and testosterone fully restored you lack the hormonal cushion to soften the cold blow of words and emotions that were held back during spring and summer. Spiritually, this time of release, urges you to say things that you would never say so that you can cleanse your psyche and maintain emotional and psychological balance in your life. This is the perfect season of your menstrual cycle to ponder whether or not you should break up with your boyfriend or divorce your husband. You should also ask yourself whether or not you are genuinely happy with your job, school or other endeavors in your life. Wisdom of winter is self-reflection without judgment.

A couple days into winter is a good time to have a heart to heart talk about what is ailing you, just remember to be cautious about how it comes out. What is good about this season of the month is that it connects you to the truth of your heart and soul. Don't be afraid of this truth let it guide you and blossom in spring. Take care not to say something that you may regret in the spring, after the ice melts.

Go to the movies, coffee shop, or book store drink a warm of cup of tea and relax. Aaaah!

Spring 2nd Week Sexy Power Week

Ruled by Estrogen which causes the lining of the uterus to grow and thicken, and promotes growth and development of all parts of the reproduction system and breasts.

In spring time the ground is moist from the melting snow and pouring rain falls. The flowers are blossoming, the grass begins to grow and birds and other creatures are singing mating calls. Mother Nature is extremely busy creating, procreating and dancing. Nature is wet, buoyant, and flourishing.

This is the best week of your menstrual cycle to clean your garage, do laundry, any activity that requires a lot of physical energy. Due to estrogen's affect on the hippocampus, the part of the brain that is responsible for long term memory, this is the perfect time of the month to take standardized tests, written exams, and go on job interviews. Your verbal ability is at sharpest; you will not be at a loss for words during this week. Say what you mean and mean what you say. Rationally, this could be the perfect week to break up with your boyfriend; hormonally this may not be the best week if you are simply attracted to your work colleague. Look at your assessment during the winter season to determine if you are speaking from your soul of libido.

Due to an increase in testosterone this improves your spatial ability. If you are traveling to an unknown destination, this is the best week of the month to go. Your brain is better able to read maps. Thanks to testosterone and estrogen this is your sexy, flirty season. If you are unhappy in your relationship, this is the week that you are more likely to cheat on your mate. If you are in a happy relationship, this is the week that you will feel more attracted to your mate and want to engage in sex. The mucus in your vagina is wet, stretchy and slippery. You body is creating the perfect environment to conceive new life physically, spiritually, and psychologically. The wisdom of spring is, "I can do anything, I am confident, beautiful and successful." This is your season of power.

This is the perfect time to shop for new clothes and shoes, try on new make-up, dye your hair, go on vacation with your mate; visit your in-laws (especially if you don't have a good relationship with them--you are emotionally stable and capable of overlooking negative comments and judgments). If you are going to host a party and you want to look and feel your absolute best plan it during the spring week of your menstrual cycle.

Late spring, early summer is when you are most fertile.

Summer 3rd Week Laid-back Relax Week

Just like the summer months your temperature rises. Progesterone makes the lining of the uterus stronger and spongy, just like the thick, lush, grass that covers the ground in summer. Summer is ruled by progesterone which causes breast tenderness, sleepiness, fuzzy thinking and increased hunger and thirst. Progesterone lowers anxiety, diminishes anger and is an overall mood stabilizer.

Summer is the week of your menstrual cycle when you are tired and sleepy no matter how much sleep you get during the night. If while driving home from work you can barely focus on the road or keep your eyes open, after 8 hours of sleep, it's just your summer season injecting your body with valium, nature's chill pill. Your body just wants to sleep, eat and drink. It's not your imagination that you are extra tired and sleepy, it's the summer heat sedating you, stealing all of your energy and ambition. Go to bed earlier than usual and eat breakfast in the morning. Drink plenty of water, herbal teas, and eat an abundance of fruits and vegetables.

This is the perfect week to get a pedicure and manicure, a body message, and relax on the beach. This is the best season of the month to take an all girl vacation for two primary reasons. Now that you have ovulated there is a decrease in your sex drive, therefore you are not looking at the romantic scene from the beach wishing your boyfriend was there to cuddle with you. Secondly, your sense of taste is heightened and you and your girlfriends can pig out at the buffet bar, when hormonally food could not taste any better. Summer is the perfect time to chill out with your girl friends, drink ice teas, ice cream sundaes and watch chick flicks in between naps. The wisdom of summer is to live in the moment and take time to enjoy life.

The challenge of this week is remaining focused, organized and energetic. Try to get your work clothes together the night before, cook meals for the week in advance and do not schedule any projects or events that require an extra expenditure of energy and time.

Fall 4th Week Wise Wacky Week

The ground is dry and covered with leaves this is an infertile season. Fall can be a beautiful season if your body is balanced in winter, spring and summer with a balance of exercise, nutrients, vitamins and rest. If you have been exercising and eating a well-balanced diet, fall is a breeze. It's like going outside and being prepared for snow, rain or heat all in the same day. You know in advance that the weather is unpredictable due to climatic changes and you are prepared for Mother Nature's myriad of possibilities.

The fourth week, of the menstrual cycle is when women experience premenstrual syndrome. Think of hormones as having many of the same capabilities as the sun. When the sun begins to withdraw in the fall, this causes unpredictable weather and it affects chlorophyll's ability to use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into a tree's food. This causes the leaves to change colors, die and eventually fall from the tree branches. Progesterone's laid-back effect withdraws 2-3 few days before your period, leaving your brain susceptible to stress. This is why you may cry easily, be argumentative, combative and feel depressed. This causes a hormonal imbalance that is responsible for many of the mood swings that some women experience before their periods. If you are crying over greeting cards, commercials, or someone not liking your new lipstick color, you are probably in the fall season.

Due to a decrease in hormones, your chemicals are imbalanced. This is not the best week to break up with your boyfriend, ask your husband for a divorce, kick your children out your home or try to put them up for adoption, or quit your job. Watch what you say because under stable hormonal weather conditions, you may have a totally different perspective or viewpoint. Your chemicals are imbalanced therefore you are more likely to be negative and critical of yourself and suffer from low self- esteem. Remember to tell yourself that your thoughts and negative self-talk are colored by the reduced sun light and changing weather conditions--these are not your true colors. You should not shop for clothes, new makeup or a new hairstyle during the fall season of your menstrual cycle because your estrogen levels are low and you are less likely to be analytical, rational and positive. In addition, you may have retained water and feel achy; this is not the best time to really see how beautiful you will look in a new sexy outfit.

Fall is a very special season because it is a reflection of your overall physical and psychological health. Fall brings you the spiritual lesson of being grounded and rooted in good health and sound mind; otherwise you will be susceptible to high winds blowing you in several directions like falling leaves. The most important lesson of this season is to postpone making any life changing major decisions until the sun returns.

The wisdom of fall brings two lessons: The first lesson is that you should pay close attention to what is missing or out of balance in your life. The second lesson is for women to learn to be patient and loving with them selves.

Herewith listed are some suggestions that will make fall a bearable season: Exercise, stretch, do yoga, or meditate daily. Take vitamin supplements, increase your intake of B6 found in bananas, soybeans, fish, bean, leafy green vegetables, raisins. Increase your intake of magnesium which is found in cashews, almonds, buckwheat. Boost your calcium intake found in milk products, tofu, okra and broccoli. Watch your diet by cutting back on caffeine, sugar, salt, sugar and white flour. Drink herbal teas and plenty of water.

When progesterone subsides this induces menstrual bleeding, a woman's body releases the uterine lining, thus turning fall into winter, the first week of the cycle.

Unleash the Power of Your Menstrual Cycle

Dr. Cassandra George Sturges MA, MA, is a mother of two teenagers, a full-time psychology instructor, advice columnists for Today's Black Woman Magazine, Seminar facilitator, author of "A Woman's Soul on Paper" ISBN: 0595171435; The Illusion of Beauty: Why Women Hate Themselves & Envy Other Women; Men Interviewed Tell: 101 Things Women do to Turn Men Off; Success & Beauty is an Attitude: A Woman's Guide to Academic and Life achievement. Dr. Sturges is the author and publisher of Authentik Beauty Magazine. Email: authentikbeauty@yahoo.com, visit my website at [http://www.authentikbeauty.net]

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Indian Silk Industry

Silk - the queen of all fabrics is historically one of India's most important industries. India produces a variety of silks called Mulberry, Tasar, Muga and Eri, based on the feeding habit of the cocoons.

The sericulture industry today employs over 700,000 farm families and is mostly concentrated in Karnataka, Tamilnadu and Andhra Pradesh and to some extent Assam and West Bengal. Karnataka accounts for more than 70 percent of the country's total silk production.

Economics

Sericulture is one industry which is beneficial to the agriculturists. As in today 56 lakhs people are dependent on the sericulture industry, 5.6 million people out of which 4.7 million are agriculturists. The rest are reelers, weavers etc.

Indian Silk Industry

India is the second largest producer of silk, contributing to about 18 per cent to the world production. What is however, more noteworthy is the fact that India's requirement of raw silk is much higher than its current production at present. Thus, there is considerable scope for stepping up production of raw silk in the country, overcome the persistent conflict of interest between exporters of silk products and producers of raw silk.

While sericulturists want imports of raw silk to be restricted to have better market for their produce, exporters want imports of cheaper raw silk so as to be able to export more silk products at competitive rates. India has all the four varieties of silk namely, mulberry, tassar, eri and muga. It is however, disheartening to note that we have not yet been able to fully exploit this advantage and make our presence felt on the international scene more prominently than at present. For this, one has to clearly understand the strengths and weaknesses of different segments of this sector.

The strength of this industry lies in its wide base, the sustaining market demand pull especially from the Indian handloom weaving sector, the infrastructure created by the national sericulture project and the research and training capabilities.

Mulberry segment

Its main weakness is related to a poor database, diverse range of practices leading to a divergence in productivity and quality. Generally, there is weak accent on quality consistency in production, poor transfer of technology to the decentralised sector both due to poor technology absorption and poor/inadequate follow up on laboratory findings; poor market linkages barring in Karnataka, a thriving unfair trade in the post-yarn sector, low-end technology use and reluctance to costlier technologies due to fears that there might not be corresponding improvement in price realisations. Other weaknesses are inadequate emphasis on quality in the commercial seed sector, neglect of marketing linkages and the need for a basic perspective for development of the sector which clearly defined relative roles for the central and state agencies under the federal set-up.

Among non-mulberry silks, tassar is mostly produced by tribals by rearing silkworms on forest plants. India is the largest producer of tassar silk after China and is the only producer of golden muga silk. Also, India is a major producer of eri silk.

Unlike mulberry silk production, non-mulberry silk production is unsteady and fluctuates from year to year. The central silk board has not given enough attention to their R&D and extension activities in the area of non-mulberry sericulture in spite of its potential to directly help the poor. Presently, muga and eri silks are produced mostly for self-consumption. But with their uniqueness to India, they have great potential for value-added exports.

The government must give to these varieties of silk the importance that is due to them and facilitate focussed R&D, targeted extension and innovative product development for value-added exports.

Tassar

It has been noted that the following are the areas of weaknesses in production of tassar and they require to be set right

. Rearing is done outdoor on trees; natural food plants are dispersed over large areas. Thus, comprehensive extension support would entail a large number of extension agents to cater to the farmers beyond their resources.

. Also weavers are normally reelers and are not exploited by traders.

. Oak tassar culture has not yet been properly adopted, as people are new to this culture and economics are yet to be established.

. Also lack of disease monitoring and of control measures is noticed.

Eri

Eri silk which is largely produced in some eastern parts of the country has specific thermal proprieties. It can also be blended with wool, other silks, cotton ramie, jute or synthetic fibres. Areas of weakness in eri silk include:-

. Lack of systematic supply of adequate quantity of foilage.

. Lack of scientific method to check diseases

. Poor management during rearing

. Non-availability of separate rearing house and

. Absence of any well-organised marketing system

Muga

This golden yellow silk is quite unique to Assam and neighbouring areas of Nagaland and Meghalaya. It has spread to West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh as well. While basic seed production is more or less organised, commercial seed production is to be organised systematically. More research support is needed for this activity.

Cut throat competition from China

Sericulture in India has taken a severe beating with cheap silk coming from China and flooding the Indian markets.

India imported around 9,258 tonnes of silk worth over six billion rupees last year from China, the world's largest silk producer.

Nearly 49,000 hectares of mulberry crop was uprooted in Karnataka as cocoon prices crashed resulting in a loss of 3,000 tonnes to the country's overall silk production, according to statistics released by the Central Silk Board.

Dumping of silk yarn from China has affected the production of silk because the rate of cocoons in the market has come down because the demand has been reduced due to import of China silk. So farmers who were expecting a better income for their cocoons stopped because market was fluctuating. When the imported silk came in, dealers lost their interest in buying the cocoons and farmers did not get the better rates. This has resulted in 49,000 hectares of mulberries being uprooted in Karnataka. In turn the farmers have taken up other activities, other agricultural productions rather than continuing with mulberry.

According to the farmers, their crops also suffered from the third consecutive drought last year. Farmers are demanding that the government should impose anti-dumping duties on Chinese silk.

India stands second only to China in silk production. While China produced 69,000 metric tons of raw silk last year, India stood far behind with 16,000 metric tons.

Officials say India requires 120,000 metric tons of silk to meet the demand in world market and with better infrastructure facility; the sericulture industry could improve its productivity to 15 percent as against the current nine percent.

Conclusion

The bulk of Indian silk thread and silk cloth is consumed domestically. The present market context for silk in the country is one of vigorously growing internal demand for silk fabrics, with growth rates of above 10 percent per year.

With substantial government and international subsidies for silk projects and marketing schemes, the industry has been expanding rapidly over the last few years. Silk exports too are growing rapidly. Germany is the largest consumer of Indian silk.

Today only China and India are the producers in silk. Thailand, Uzbekistan also produces silk but the quantity is very small. So we will have to keep this raw silk and fabrics for them to continue in the market. Only two countries can do it. India is the largest consumer of silk fabrics by way of sarees and so many other things. So we will have to improve our silk culture.

Today the Indian silk industry is already a major player in the global scenario and the growth prospects for the industry seem to be bullish. Measures like the encouragement of further technological and economic research in the various aspects of sericulture, standardization and quality control of silk and silk products and rationalization of marketing and stabilization of prices of silk cocoons and raw silk it could expand rapidly than ever before.

Indian Silk Industry

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Impact Of Technology In Banking

In the world of banking and finance nothing stands still. The biggest change of all is in the, scope of the business of banking. Banking in its traditional from is concerned with the acceptance of deposits from the customers, the lending of surplus of deposited money to suitable customers who wish to borrow and transmission of funds. Apart from traditional business, banks now a days provide a wide range of services to satisfy the financial and non financial needs of all types of customers from the smallest account holder to the largest company and in some cases of non customers. The range of services offered differs from bank to bank depending mainly on the type and size of the bank.

RESERVE BANK'S EARLY INITIATIVES
As a central bank in a developing country, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has adopted development of the banking and financial market as one of its prime objectives. "Institutional development" was the hallmark of this approach from 1950s to 1970s. In the 1980s, the Reserve Bank focused on "improvements in the productivity" of the banking sector. Being convinced that technology is the key for improving in productivity, the Reserve Bank took several initiatives to popularize usage of technology by banks in India.

Economics

Periodically, almost once in five years since the early 1980s, the Reserve Bank appointed committees and working Groups to deliberate on and recommend the appropriate use of technology by banks give the circumstances and the need. These committees are as follows:
-Rangarajan committee -1 in early 1980s.
-Rangarajan committee -11 in late 1980s.
-Saraf working group in early 1990s.
-Vasudevan working group in late 1990s.
-Barman working group in early 2000s.

Impact Of Technology In Banking

Based on the recommendations of these committees and working groups, the Reserve Bank issued suitable guidelines for the banks. In the 1980s, usage of technology for the back office operations of the banks predominated the scene. It was in the form of accounting of transactions and collection of MIS. In the inter-bank payment systems, it was in the form of clearing and settlement using the MICR technology.

Two momentous decisions of the Reserve Bank in the 1990s changed the scenario for ever there are:
a) The prescription of compulsory usage of technology in full measure by the new private sector banks as a precondition of the license and
b) The establishment of an exclusive research institute for banking technology institute for development and Research in Banking Technology.

As the new private sector banks came on the scene as technology-savvy banks and offered several innovative products at the front office for the customers based on technology, the demonstration effect caught on the reset of the banks. Multi channel offerings like machine based (ATMs and pc-Banking), card based (credit/Debit/Smart cards), Communication based (Tele-Banking and Internet Banking) ushered in Anytime and Anywhere Banking by the banks in India. The IDRBT has been instrumental in establishing a safe and secure, state of the art communication backbone in the from of the Indian Financial NETwork (INFINET) as a closed user group exclusively for the banking and financial sector in India.

CHANGING FACE OF BANKING SERVICES
Liberalization brought several changes to Indian service industry. Probably Indian banking industry learnt a tremendous lesson. Pre-liberalization, all we did at a bank was deposit and withdraw money. Service standards were pathetic, but all we could do was grin and bear it. Post-liberalization, the tables have turned. It's a consumer oriented market there.

Technology is revolutionizing every field of human endeavor and activity. One of them is introduction of information technology into capital market. The internet banking is changing the banking industry and is having the major effects on banking relationship. Web is more important for retail financial services than for many other industries.

Retail banking in India is maturing with time, several products, which further could be customized. Most happening sector is housing loan, which is witnessing a cut-throat competition. The home loans are very popular as they help you to realize your most cherished dream. Interest rates are coming down and market has seen some innovative products as well. Other retail banking products are personal loan, education loan and vehicles loan. Almost every bank and financial institution is offering these products, but it is essential to understand the different aspects of these loan products, which are not mentioned in their colored advertisements.

PLASTIC MONEY
Plastic money was a delicious gift to Indian market. Giving respite from carrying too much cash. Now several new features added to plastic money to make it more attractive. It works on formula purchase now repay later. There are different facts of plastic money credit card is synonyms of all.

Credit card is a financial instrument, which can be used more than once to borrow money or buy products and services on credit. Banks, retail stores and other businesses generally issue these. On the basis of their credit limit, they are of different kinds like classic, gold or silver.

Charged cards-these too carry almost same features as credit cards. The fundamental difference is you can not defer payments charged generally have higher credit limits or some times no credit limits.
Debit cards-this card is may be characterized as accountholder's mobile ATM, for this you have to have account with any bank offering credit card.

Over the years, the banking sector in India has seen a no. of changes. Most of the banks have begun to take an innovative approach towards banking with the objective of creating more value for customers and consequently, the banks. Some of the significant changes in the banking sector are discussed below.

MOBILE BANKING
Taking advantages of the booming market for mobile phones and cellular services, several banks have introduced mobile banking which allows customers to perform banking transactions using their mobile phones. For instances HDFC has introduced SMS services. Mobile banking has been especially targeted at people who travel frequently and to keep track of their banking transaction.

RURAL BANKING
One of the innovative scheme to be launched in rural banking was the KISAN CREDIT CARD (KCC) SCHMME started in fiscal 1998-1999 by NABARD. KCC mode it easier for framers to purchase important agricultural inputs. In addition to regular agricultural loans, banks to offer several other products geared to the needs of the rural people.

Private sector Banks also realized the potential in rural market. In the early 2000's ICICI bank began setting up internet kiosks in rural Tamilnadu along with ATM machines.

NRI SERVICES
With a substantial number of Indians having relatives abroad, banks have begun to offer service that allows expatriate Indians to send money more conveniently to relatives India which is one of the major improvements in money transfer.

E-BANKING
E-Banking is becoming increasingly popular among retail banking customers. E-Banking helps in cutting costs by providing cheaper and faster ways of delivering products to customers. It also helps the customer to choose the time, place and method by which he wants to use the services and gives effect to multichannel delivery of service by the bank. This E-Banking is driven by twin engine of "customer-pull and Bank-push".

CONCLUSION
Technology has been one of the most important factors for the development of mankind. Information and communication technology is the major advent in the field of technology which is used for access, process, storage and dissemination of information electronically. Banking industry is fast growing with the use of technology in the from of ATMs, on-line banking, Telephone banking, Mobile banking etc., plastic card is one of the banking products that cater to the needs of retail segment has seen its number grow in geometric progression in recent years. This growth has been strongly supported by the development of in the field of technology, without which this could not have been possible of course it will change our lifestyle in coming years.

Impact Of Technology In Banking

E.Jeevitha

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Different Types of Unemployment

1. Frictional Unemployment:

· This is unemployment caused by people moving in between jobs, e.g. graduates or people changing jobs. There will always be some frictional unemployment.

Economics

· Also high benefits may encourage people to stay on benefits rather than get work this is sometimes known as "voluntary unemployment"

Different Types of Unemployment

2. Structural Unemployment

This occurs due to a mismatch of skills in the labour market it can be caused by:
a) Occupational immobility's. This refers to the difficulties in learning new skills applicable to a new industry, and technological change.

b) geographical Immobility's. This refers to the difficulty in moving regions to get a job.

c) Technological Change. If there is the developments of labour saving technology in some industries there will be a fall in demand for labour.

d) Structural change in the economy. The decline of the coal mines due to a lack of competitiveness meant that many coal miners were unemployed and they may find it more difficult to get jobs in new industries such as computers

3. Classical or Real Wage Unemployment:

This occurs when wages in a competitive labour market are pushed above the equilibrium. This is sometimes known as "disequilibrium" unemployment. Wages will also be sticky downwards. This could be caused by minimum wages, or trades unions

4. Demand Deficient or "Cyclical Unemployment"

This occurs when the economy is below full capacity. E.g. in a recession when AD falls there will be a fall in output, therefore firms will employ less workers because they are producing less goods.

5. Seasonal Unemployment

Unemployment tends to be higher during certain times of the year, either in summer or winter depending on the country. The UK government actually produce a seasonally adjusted unemployment figure to take this into account.

Different Types of Unemployment

More: Macro Economics Essays

Richard Pettinger studied Politics and Economics at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University. He now works as an economics teacher in Oxford. He enjoys writing essays on Economic and he edits a site - Economic Help and updates a blog on the UK economy http://www.economicshelp.org/blog

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How Currency Exchange Rates Effect Global Business

The entire world's economic system depends upon the exchange rate. For this reason, it is very important you learn how it works. How the currency exchange rates effect global business is like a thermometer, it measures the health of global economics.

First, you must understand by definition what the exchange rate is. It is the value of one nation's currency in comparison to another or to put it another way, if you took one U.S. dollar to Canada, would you be able to buy more than one item at a Dollar Store or not even one item?

Economics

The laws of supply and demand dictate how the currency exchange rates effect global business with something called a floating exchange rate. A floating exchange rate means that currency values "float" or fluctuate depending on how much supply is being demanded from that country in comparison to the other country with which it is doing business. It is the global market that dictates which country's dollar is worth the most.

How Currency Exchange Rates Effect Global Business

Governments can play a part in how the currency exchange rates affect global business as well. Many governments will put into place certain actions that will purposely devalue their own dollar. Why would they do this? It seems counterproductive, but actually it isn't. By deflating the value of their own dollar, that country will cause an increase in the demand for their supplies, kind of like when a store puts on a sale and attracts a crowd to their store.

A few years ago, a struggling Brazil did just that, they devalued their currency. As a result they attracted a plethora of foreign investors to their country. Many foreign businesses invested in Brazil's retail market, manufacturing companies, construction, tourism, banking, communication companies and many other industries boosting Brazil's economic system. Today, Brazil is benefiting by this sudden burst in its economy and the quality of life is greatly improving there.

Now you can see how the currency exchange rates effect global business becomes very important to world trade. All of these things have an effect on you. Your investment accounts, your 401K, even your own job are all affected by the global economy. Exchange rates are very important in determining which country, even which businesses globally will have the competitive advantage.

The law of supply and demand state that when prices are low, people buy, when they are high, they do not. The same works for world trade. If Japan can buy the same product for less from Germany than it can from the U.S., Japan will buy from Germany and the U.S. has just lost its competitive advantage.

The next time you consider taking a vacation to a foreign country, think about the exchange rate in a way that is more than just how much vacation will you be able to purchase. Think about whose country has the higher value in their currency, because now you know what it means to you.

How Currency Exchange Rates Effect Global Business

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Economic Downfall

Gas prices, taxes, stock market deflation, bills, groceries, and mortgages. What are we to do in this agonizing economic crisis? President Obama has honestly tried to aide us with his new stimulus package and company bailouts, but has it truly helped discouraged Americans? The government has provided us with food stamps, SSI, and WIC for mothers and young children, but is this really enough?

With the assistance of financial expert Dave Ramsey and scholarly economical advice from radio personality Rush Limbaugh, many Americans are learning to "penny pinch" and budget their hard earned money responsibly. Dave Ramsey teaches the infamous "envelope tactic." The "envelope tactic" is where a person categorizes the money they earn for all of their needs, wants, and bills into individual envelopes. Each time one earns money they divide that money into each separate envelope and only use the money in each envelope for that designated purpose. For example, the envelopes could be categorized by utilities, car repairs, groceries, retirement, gas money, household items, bills, and even for recreations to indulge and splurge on when they have done well and saved wisely.

Economics

President Obama's stimulus package has been greatly appreciated by some Americans, but for many others, it has only caused distress. This depresses numerous American families and causes many households to go into debt and are forced to file for bankruptcy. So many hard working Americans are not only diligently trying to cut back and budget responsibly, but are also hoping and praying for a miracle of some sort in this diabolical uproar.

Economic Downfall

Also, in this traumatic recession, many communities are opening more thrift shops and donating items as well as having food drives. Citizens look at these blessings and are extremely grateful. In these heart wrenching tough times, we Americans would be wise to stick together. Another sanction in this financial hardship: Community Schools are having free and reduced lunch programs for under privileged children, whose parents cannot provide much money.

In conclusion, I add that though the times are definitely tough, we need to wait patiently because this great nation always prevails. There is nothing that the United States cannot overcome. Through the Great Depression, many horrific wars, nuclear explosions, terrorist attacks, and numerous terrorist threats, the U.S. have overcome the odds and have remained United, therefore we should have faith that we will come out of this financial funk.

Economic Downfall

My name is Sarah Garrisoncarter. I am nineteen years old and I am an aspiring journalist. I began my writing career in the sixth grade composing poems for the Carl Perkins civic center. After that I wrote articles for an online magazine. In high school I was on the yearbook staff. While on the yearbook staff, I was a photographer, editor, and advertiser.

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How to Get Free Books on the Kindle

You've finally got your Kindle, but it's not very useful if there aren't any books on it yet. So how do you go about putting books on it? There are actually several ways to do this, and this guide will discuss some of them.

1. The Kindle Store

Economics

This is the easiest method, and it is also the method most promoted by Amazon. Basically, when you buy a book from the Kindle Store, it gets automatically downloaded to your Kindle within 60 seconds. There are actually two ways to buy from the Kindle Store. The first is from the Kindle itself. Just browse to the Kindle Store from the main menu, and you will have access to hundreds of thousands of titles. The best thing about the Kindle Store is that usually the first chapter of every book is free. The other option is to buy from the Kindle Store on your computer via Amazon's website. When you buy a book on your computer, it will also be instantly downloaded to your device.

How to Get Free Books on the Kindle

2. USB Transfer

If you have an eBook on your computer that you would like to read on your Kindle, you can easily transfer it using the included USB cable. It is important to realize that you need to make sure the eBook is in one of the approved file formats. The Kindle can handle txt, pdf, and mobi files pretty well.

3. Email Service

If you don't want to mess around with connecting the Kindle to your computer, you can email the eBook to Amazon. Amazon will then send the file directly to your Kindle. They will also automatically convert pdf and doc files into the Kindle format, although the converted file often has a few errors. The downside to this method is that Amazon charges a $.10 fee for every file you send to your Kindle in this manner. 10 cents may not seem like a lot, but it can add up if you do this often.

4. Kindle Browser

This is the method Amazon doesn't want you to know. It is actually possible to download thousands of books for free directly through the Kindle's built in Internet browser. There are a few websites which will let you do this, but one of the bet is http://www.gutenberg.org. This site has thousands of free books in a Kindle-friendly format which you can instantly download. If you like reading the classics, this is an excellent resource.

How to Get Free Books on the Kindle

Hopefully this guide has given you some ideas about how to get books on your Kindle. Unfortunately, the Kindle may soon be outdated with the release of the iPad. For a chance to get an iPad for free, check out [http://www.buyipadonline.com].

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Rules to Setting Business Goals and Objectives: Why and How to be SMART

We all know that nothing runs without a plan, and a plan cannot run without having its objectives set.

That applies to any kind of plan, whether we're talking business or personal finances, university degrees or NGO programs, website promotion or weight loss.

Economics

Setting objectives and milestones is of crucial importance for any planning activity and is the core of its success, or failure.
Knowing how to set objectives is not exactly rocket science in terms of complexity, but any strategist should know the basic rules of how to formulate and propose objectives. We will see in this article why objectives play such a major role within a company's planning and strategic activities, how they influence all business processes, and we will review some guidelines of setting objectives.

Rules to Setting Business Goals and Objectives: Why and How to be SMART

The Importance of Setting Objectives

One might wonder why we need to establish objectives in the first place, why not let the company or a specific activity just run smoothly into the future and see where it gets. That would be the case only if we really do not care whether the activity in discussion will be successful or not: but then, to use a popular saying, "if something deserves to be performed, then it deserves to be performed well". In other words, if we don't care for the results, we should not proceed with the action at all.

Setting objectives before taking any action is the only right thing to do, for several reasons:

- it gives a target to aim to, therefore all actions and efforts will be focused on attaining the objective instead of being inefficiently used;

- gives participants a sense of direction, a glimpse of where they're going to;

- motivates the leaders and their teams, since it is quite the custom of establishing some sort of reward once the team successfully completed a project;

- offers the support in evaluating the success of an action or project.

The 5 Rules of Setting Objectives: Be SMART!

I am sure most managers and leaders know what SMART stands for, well, at least when it comes of establishing objectives. However, I have seen some of them who cannot fully explain the five characteristics of a good-established objective - things are somehow blurry and confused in their minds. Since they can't explain in details what SMART objectives really are, it is highly doubtful that they will always be able to formulate such objectives.

It is still unclear from where the confusion comes: perhaps there are too many sources of information, each of them with a slightly different approach upon what a SMART objective really is; or perhaps most people only briefly "heard" about it and they never get to reach the substance behind the packaging.

Either way, let us try to uncover the meaning of the SMART acronym and see how we can formulate efficient objectives.
SMART illustrates the 5 characteristics of an efficient objective; it stands for Specific - Measurable - Attainable - Relevant - Timely.

1. Be SPECIFIC!

When it comes of business planning, "specific" illustrates a situation that is easily identified and understood. It is usually linked to some mathematical determinant that imprints a specific character to a given action: most common determinants are numbers, ratios and fractions, percentages, frequencies. In this case, being "specific" means being "precise".

Example: when you tell your team "I need this report in several copies", you did not provide the team with a specific instruction. It is unclear what the determinant "several" means: for some it can be three, for some can be a hundred. A much better instruction would sound like "I need this report in 5 copies" - your team will know exactly what you expect and will have less chances to fail in delivering the desired result.

2. Be MEASURABLE!

When we say that an objective, a goal, must be measurable, we mean there is a stringent need to have the possibility to measure, to track the action(s) associated with the given objective.

We must set up a distinct system or establish clear procedures of how the actions will be monitored, measured and recorded. If an objective and the actions pertaining to it cannot be quantified, it is most likely that the objective is wrongly formulated and we should reconsider it.

Example: "our business must grow" is an obscure, non-measurable objective. What exactly should we measure in order to find out if the objective was met? But if we change it to "our business must grow in sales volume with 20%", we've got one measurable objective: the measure being the percentage sales rise from present moment to the given moment in the future. We can calculate this very easy, based on the recorded sales figures.

3. Be ATTAINABLE!

Some use the term "achievable" instead of "attainable", which you will see it is merely a synonym and we should not get stuck in analyzing which one is correct. Both are.

It is understood that each leader will want his company / unit to give outstanding performances; this is the spirit of competition and such thinking is much needed. However, when setting objectives, one should deeply analyze first the factors determining the success or failure of these objectives. Think of your team, of your capacities, of motivation: are they sufficient in order for the objectives to be met? Do you have the means and capabilities to achieve them?

Think it through and be honest and realistic to yourself: are you really capable of attaining the goals you've set or are you most likely headed to disappointment? Always set objectives that have a fair chance to be met: of course, they don't need to be "easily" attained, you're entitled to set difficult ones as long as they're realistic and not futile.

Example: you own a newborn movers company and you set the objective of "becoming no. 1 movers within the state". The problem is you only have 3 trucks available, while all your competitors have 10 and up. Your goal is not attainable; try instead a more realistic one, such as "reaching the Top 5 fastest growing movers company in the state".

4. Be RELEVANT!

This notion is a little more difficult to be perceived in its full meaning; therefore we will start explaining it by using an example in the first place.

Imagine yourself going to the IT department and telling them they need to increase the profit to revenue ratio by 5%. They will probably look at you in astonishment and mumble something undistinguished about managers and the way they mess up with people's minds.

Can you tell what is wrong with the objective above? Of course! The IT department has no idea what you were talking about and there's nothing they can do about it - their job is to develop and maintain your computerized infrastructure, not to understand your economic speech. What you can do it setting an objective that the IT department can have an impact upon, and which will eventually lead to the increase you wanted in the first place. What about asking them to reduce expenditures for hardware and software by 10% monthly and be more cautious with the consumables within their department by not exceeding the allocated budget? They will surely understand what they need to do because the objective is relevant for their group.

Therefore, the quality of an objective to be "relevant" refers to setting appropriate objectives for a given individual or team: you need to think if they can truly do something about it or is it irrelevant for the job they perform.

5. Be TIMELY!

No much to discuss about this aspect, since it is probably the easiest to be understood and applied.

Any usable and performable objective must have a clear timeframe of when it should start and/or when it should end. Without having a timeframe specified, it is practically impossible to say if the objective is met or not.

For example, if you just say "we need to raise profit by 500000 units", you will never be able to tell if the objective was achieved or not, one can always say "well, we'll do it next year". Instead, if you say "we need to raise profit by 500000 units within 6 months from now", anyone can see in 6 months if the goal was attained or not. Without a clear, distinct timeframe, no objective is any good.

Rules to Setting Business Goals and Objectives: Why and How to be SMART

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Public Administration Vs Private Administration

Most authors differentiate public administration and private administration by educational institutions (public schools vs. private schools). Although it's a good example to provide a comprehensive analysis between the two sectors, I found it not the quintessence for a comparative analysis. Historically, in our country, public schools have a much higher quality education than private schools, and studying economics and public administration, it is not just the nature of bureaucracies, nor the scope of public administration that the case today was reversed. While some authors identified over a dozen factors that differentiates public to private administration, Denhardt only speaks of the three fundamental differences between the two. In this paper, I would elaborate Denhardt's three points since, together with economist Boadway's Difference between Public and Private Sector, I found these as the most undisputable and concrete comparisons.

The most apparent difference between the two sectors is their organizing principles or goal. (Denhardt) While private administration has a definite mission, which is the pursuit of profit or stability or growth of revenues, public administration, on the other hand, has ambiguous purposes. Furthermore, the dilemma in ambiguity of purposes is exacerbated by too many unnecessary and inoperable agencies, with purposes that overlap and bloated bureaucracies. One might say that the goal of public administration is to enact public policies, but the overlapping and the main ambiguity of most of these policies, and the vagueness of the enactment of these policies make public administration's purpose to be more ambiguous. Nevertheless, the fact that public institutions are not profit driven, should not lead us to believe that public sector employees and managers are not concerned about financial matters. As is the case with private companies, public sector units and organizations fight for funding and influence.

Economics

Another factor that makes the public sector different from the private is decision making. (Denhradt) In public administration, the decision must be and should be pluralistic. The founding fathers intentionally created a democratic republic where all key decisions are made in politicized environment. This allows for maximum participation: open debate, multiple veto points - a decision making hierarchy where consensus must be achieved at each level, ideally, an informed decision. While private administration's decision-making is much more simple- it's monopolistic or close to monopolistic. This type of decision-making would avoid any conflicts in interest; hence, the goal is clearly defined.

Public Administration Vs Private Administration

The visibility of public administrators is another notable difference between public and private sector. While a manager in a private business may work in relative obscurity, the public manager must operate in the public eye. His or her actions are constantly subjected to public scrutiny. (Denhardt) The publicness of the work of the public manager doesn't end in merely carrying out public policy, the public manager has to respond to the demands of the public. Denhardt speaks of the "inevitable tension" between efficiency and responsiveness, the pressure to manage effectively and to be simultaneously responsive to public concerns. This pressure often leaves public organizations in a "no-win" situation, trying to serve a public that demands effective government but balks at paying for it (taxes). The public also demands accountability in government, an assurance that those who formulate, implement and administer public programs will act responsibly.

One quality that makes public sector different from private is in the form of unit analysis. (Boadway) Apart from publicly owned-companies, most public institutions are part of a larger chain of command and control where it is harder to draw a line between the different parts of the system- and where legal frameworks provide little help in this. For instance: public agencies- like research councils or directorates of health- interact closely with ministries as well as subordinate institution and "users". The innovation activities in these institutions are heavily influenced by decisions made above and below the chain of commands. The closest parallel to private sector will be large conglomerates or multinational companies. The complex system of organizations with various (and to some extent conflicting) tasks, is one of the reasons for the inefficiency of public administration. Although, some authors in public administration, such Woodrow Wilson in The Study of Public Administration, where he reiterated that the evolution of public administration together with its complex system and increasing number of bureaucracies is to complement the population growth, but a population with sufficient number of agencies to manage them and with high marginal productivity for each public employee, is better than a bloated bureaucracy with little or zero marginal productivity, and worse, unnecessary and redundant purpose.

Lastly, although political aspect is both apparent in public and private sector, political aspect is more important in the public than in the private sector. Policy decisions normally affect companies directly and indirectly, through laws, regulations and financial support. The public sector is at least formally controlled by elected politicians. The intimate link between this governance dimension and funding of current expenses of the activities implies a very strong link between ownership and control on the one hand and the growth strategies of the subsidiary organizations.

Public Administration Vs Private Administration

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Why Do We Study Economics?

Economics is referred to the study of the factors that indicate how the resources of the society are being used and helping towards the satisfaction of the wants and needs of the people. There are several aspects of economics and a lot has been written and talked about economics but one common question that always rise in minds of people includes the fact that why do we need to study economics.

Well, as far as the need to study economics is concerned, there are several factors that are associated with this study and are basically understood and managed due to this study. For instance the study of resources and other related factors help the authorities and the people understand the scarcity of the available resources and the need to use them efficiently. This study further helps the governments along with overall population help manage their funds properly in order to meet their overall needs and requirements.

Economics

Economics study helps the citizens decide about choosing their governments based on the overall working of the existing government in terms of management of the national funds, which again is determined by such studies. Economics needs to be studied due to various other reasons as well. People want proper and sufficient amount of information as consumers in order to ensure that that they spend their limited resources in the right manner and this is one factor why studying economics is important. As citizens, they also would like to know about the ways the government is spending the national income, which is ultimately derived from them.

Why Do We Study Economics?

Why Do We Study Economics?

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Bright and Beautiful Marble Floors

Durability and easy maintenance are the qualities that you want for your flooring. Granite, marble and other stones are the most luxurious of flooring materials that are in the market today. You definitely will expect long life but be aware that marble can be marred by contact with acidic foods and granite can absorb kitchen grease. However the sight of your marble floors reminds you of nature's beauty and wonder and you forget for a minute that almost everything in this world is synthetic and fake. Your floors are a crucial part to your home and so it is certainly understandable that you want your floors to be well-maintained and long-lasting.

But you can have it both ways, with the help of There are professionals like commercial marble restoration in boca who can keep up the appropriate care for marble floors because like most innate materials, stone will also stain. Marble floors are very resistant to heat that even a hot pot of oil will not leave any scars on its precious surface and if properly sealed are strongly resistant to stains. The disadvantages of having marble floors are not to be downplayed because such material is easily damaged by sharp edges or from dragging a rough object across the surface. Aside from that, your marble floors have the tendency to be chipped and dented very easily. It is very important that your marble floors be sealed periodically.

Economics

Cleaning your floors is an important part of housekeeping and like with other stone material, you to be careful that you do not use too much detergent or cleaner because these products might damage and ruin the luster of your floors. It is important that you have the right information and tools to help you deal with the maintenance of your floors. Marble floors also need frequent mopping and this job is made easier by the latest developments in mops that are now built with very absorbent sponges and uses less water which means that your marble floors dry faster. Dampness will not seep into your marble floors and do damage. Engage experts to do the work for you if you really do not have the time to do all of this and yet you have the money. Tile and grout cleaning services are also a part of a major floor restoration particularly on those spots like the kitchen and bathrooms.

Bright and Beautiful Marble Floors

Caring for them can be a tricky business but you have to admit the sight of your marble floors reminds you of nature's beauty and wonder and you forget for a minute that almost everything in this world is synthetic and fake. When you have marble for floors you might discover right away that these stone floors are practical, economical and durable and yet you definitely can not replace them anytime soon. In relation to this, you can now hire professionals who are willing to adjust to your schedule if need be.

One dependable way is to find a professional by word of mouth and so try to survey and interview neighbors, family and friends in order to find out whom have they used for their successful restoration or cleaning projects. Scout out professionals who can help you in your house cleaning from top to bottom. You should not overlook the fact that cleaning and maintenance is crucial to the durability of your marble floors. Experts on major cleaning projects also provide carpet cleaning services boca and if you did your research correctly, then you have hired professionals who remember that you, first and foremost, the owner and is the one in control.

Bright and Beautiful Marble Floors

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Paintless Dent Repair: Myths and Facts About Car Dent Repair and Insurance

The long arm of car repair insurance doesn't stop at extended warranties or tire road hazard insurance. Marketing gurus have found all sorts of knick knacks to insure. Among the top are ding and dent protection plans. Ding and dent insurance is growing steadily, and addresses those unsightly shopping cart and parking lot dings.

Dings and dents are fairly synonymous terms, although a ding is smaller than a dent. You'll notice a dent. You'll need to squint, or catch the vehicle in the right angle or sunlight to see a ding. Some dings are smaller than eraser heads.

Economics

Like extended warranties or tire insurance, dent and ding protection plans promise to pay for damages in part or in full for a specific period of time. These plans are primarily sold by new car dealerships and cost a few hundred dollars.

Paintless Dent Repair: Myths and Facts About Car Dent Repair and Insurance

Ding and Dent Repair: Paintless Dent Repair

Ding and dent repair is called PDR, short for Paintless Dent Repair. There are many companies that perform this service: Ding Doctor, Ding King, No Dents, Dent Wizard...the list goes on. Some are better then others, although ultimately it's up to the skill of the PDR technician. Prices are similar.

How is it done?

Most PDR techniques are non-intrusive. The PDR technicians use specially designed tools and gadgets to slip behind the damaged panels and manipulate and massage the damaged metal back to its original form.

Does it work?

Actually, it's incredible! It works so well that in the majority of cases the dings and dents are completely removed. They're invisible, gone, can't-believe-your-eyes fixed.

I saw a soccer-ball-sized dent removed from the rear fender of a 0,000 car. The dent also had a large crease, which makes repairs even harder. After thirty minutes there was no visible detection that a dent was ever there. The repair cost the client 0. Traditional body shop estimates were hovering at 00.

PDR positives

Very low cost compared to traditional body shops Same day repairs--even while-you-wait service No paint work, sanding, or traditional bodywork required Original paint remains--helps retain vehicles looks and value Body panels remain intact--maintaining structural integrity
PDR negatives

PDR does not address scratches or paint chips that are often associated with dings (Many PDR companies will address chips and scratches, but it's not PDR technology) Many areas of body panels are not accessible, so PDR is not an option Plastic bumpers or any plastic components can't be fixed with PDR techniques. Since the bumper is the most common area to get damaged, this is a significant downside of PDR technology. Some damage can occur to door panels, paint, interiors, window glass and hardware, although damage of any kind is rare.
Do you need PDR insurance?

God, no!

Should you get your dings fixed using PDR techniques?

Hell, yes!

Let me explain...

Insuring against dings and dents does not make economic sense. Ding repairs average around per ding. Some dings cost to 9 to repair. Two to four dings can run 0 to 0, depending on the size of the dent. Insurance at this level is just not necessary. Moreover, it's a gamble you will lose.

To benefit from a 0, two-year plan, your vehicle would need to sustain multiple "PDR repairable" dings or dents. Despite your coverage, you may not even notice the dings, making a claim impossible. Also, despite the amazing PDR techniques, they can't fix everything, especially the chips and scratches that so frequently accompany a ding--should dings even occur.

Yes, get your dings fixed with PDR (if they're bothering you), but don't buy an insurance plan.

Protection plan economics 101

An article by Terence O'Hara in the Washington Post is a wonderful piece on the insanity of protection plans, and is applicable here. He writes:

The decision to buy an extended warranty...defies the recommendations of economists, consumer advocates and product quality experts, who all warn that the plans rarely benefit consumers and are nearly always a waste of money.

'[Extended warranties and protection plans] make no rational sense,' Harvard economist David Cutler said. 'The implied probability [of an issue] has to be substantially greater than the risk that you can't afford to fix it or replace it. If you're buying a 0 item, for the overwhelming number of consumers that level of spending is not a risk you need to insure under any circumstances.'

...extended warranties play upon a basic human trait to avoid loss, even if it means sacrificing a possible future gain. In this case, the gain is all the other things of value that a consumer could buy with the money that was spent on a warranty

Fix your dings

Fix your dings and dents (if you want) as they come--maybe every spring. Fixing dings keeps your car looking pristine, and increases its value. But don't bother with a protection plan. Save your money.

Hold off on that paint job

Quality paintless dent repair is often a great substitute for those considering full paint jobs. Whenever possible, it's best to keep the original paint. Good PDR combined with a professional detail can restore vehicles to show room condition for less than 0.

Go with the best

Since 1983 Dent Wizard has been pioneering PDR technology. Their PDR technicians undergo extensive and ongoing training. The rates are reasonable and the quality is excellent. Always request a master PDR technician, as there are various levels of abilities.

Check with local dealers

Dealerships in your area may offer Dent Wizard. Your vehicle does not have to be of the same make as the dealership. In other words, you can bring your Chevy to a Ford dealer for PDR work.

Myths

Do it yourself paintless dent repair is easy.

No it 's not. It requires training, skill, and experience. There are many who practice PDR techniques who crack or flake the paint, or who create ripples in the metal.

The PDR products sold on TV do the same thing.

No! Not even close. There's no good substitute for the art of PDR.

Scratch and dent repair are the same thing.

No. A ding is a small dent, which can often be repaired via paintless dent repair procedures. A scratch is an actual break in the surface of the clear coat or paint, requiring traditional body shop techniques, or touch up paint.

It's easy to learn how to repair dents on cars.

Maybe for some, but it's a skill that few master. Dent Wizard offers a great training program. The management and staff are top notch.

What's the best car dent removing protection plan?

Money in your bank account!

Paintless Dent Repair: Myths and Facts About Car Dent Repair and Insurance

RepairTrust
Making Sense of Car Repair Prices

Ted holds extensive certifications from Mercedes-Benz, Toyota, GM, and ASE. Over a twenty-year period in the automotive service industry, he has served as a technician, shop foreman, shop manager, shop owner, service advisor, service manager, and service industry consultant. He is the author of eight books and numerous articles on the automotive service industry.

Other Works by Ted Olson Include: ARREST the Automotive Service Industry! Maintenance Myths: A Step-by-Step Guide to STOP Getting Ripped Off! Auto Repair: The Shocking Truth About Who's Ripping You Off and Why! Automotive Service Pricing Strategies—a fair pricing guide for service centers Being the Best—a comprehensive customer service handbook for service advisors Service Center Personnel—an auto repair informational for general service staff Service Mission Statement—a philosophical proposal to improve customer service

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Importance Of Economics

Economics deals with the laws and principles which govern the functioning of an economy and its various parts. An economy exists because of two basic facts. Firstly, human wants for goods and services are unlimited and secondly, productive resources with which to produce goods and services are scarce. Therefore, an economy has to decide how to use its scarce resources to obtain the maximum possible satisfaction of the members of the society. It is this basic problem of scarcity which gives rise to many of the economic problems.

There has been a lot of controversy among economist about the true content of economic theory or its subjects matter. The subject matter and scope of economics has been variously defined. Each definition is incomplete inadequate and because of various conflicting definition, some confusion has been created about the nature and scope of economics.

Economics

The subject matter of economics has been divided into two parts: microeconomics and macroeconomics. In Microeconomics we study the economic behavour of an individual, firm or industry in the national economy.It is thus a study of a particular unit rather than all the units combined.We mainly study the following in microeconomics:

Importance Of Economics

1) Product pricing
2) Consumer behavior
3) Factor pricing
4) Economic conditions of a section of the people
5) Study of a firm and
6) Location of a industry.

In macro economics, we study the economic behavior of the large aggregates such as the overall conditions of the economy such as total production, total consumption, total saving and total investment in it.It includes:

1) National income and output
2) General price level
3) Balance of trade and payments
4) External value of money
5) Saving and investment and
6) Employment and economic growth.

The problem of scarcity and choice making can be depicted using the tool of production possibilities curve. The basic economic problems of what, how and for whom to produce can be solved in many ways by an economy. If it gives the whole charge of the economy, to private ownership we get capitalist economy, to public ownership we get socialist economy and jointly to private and public ownership we get mixed economy.

Importance Of Economics

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economics and its scope

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Outsourcing: The Pros and Cons

If you own a computer or piece of electronic equipment, chances are you may one day have to make a call to a tech support or customer service department. And if the product in need of repair happens to be manufactured by one of the many companies that bases its IT or customer service support center in another country, your experience with the representative with whom you spoke likely plays a large part in your general opinion of the outsourcing debate.

Outsourcing, also called "offshoring" when referring to overseas workforces, is commonly referred to as the practice of transferring jobs to other countries in an effort to reduce company labor costs. As more people lose their jobs to outsourcing or become increasingly frustrated by having to overcome language barriers to communicate with service employees, the outsourcing trend is failing to meet with general approval in the United States. Reactions to a 2004 poll in King County, WA concerning the economical impact of outsourcing varied, but many respondents felt that long-term outsourcing will generally harm the American economy and workforce.

Economics

"...As a consumer, I feel cheated that a company wants my money but doesn't want to pay my neighbor or bucks an hour to take my calls," one respondent wrote. "'Globalization' is an international term for 'feeling free to get away with cheap labor.'"

Outsourcing: The Pros and Cons

Regardless of public opinion, however, the outsourcing of IT jobs, nay, jobs in general, does not seem to be going the way of the dodo just yet. The CIO 2006 Global Outsourcing Guide, released in July, cites the 2005 Duke University CIBER/Archstone Consulting study, saying that 73% of Fortune 2000 companies cite offshoring as an important part of their overall growth strategy. India is the number one destination for U.S. company outsourcing, and many companies name China as a front runner for future outsourcing possibilities, along with several Latin American countries, such as Brazil and Mexico.

As with most large-scale corporate practices, outsourcing has its benefits and its downfalls. Though outsourcing obviously has positive impacts to the economy and citizens of the countries to which the jobs go, it hs left many Americans disgruntled, jobless, and distrustful of corporations that practice it. A variety of arguments can be made for and against outsourcing :

Pros:

The technique is a money-saver for the corporations who employ it. Specifically, from a business perspective, outsourcing can potentially:Lower personnel costs Gain economies of scale Allow focus on the core competencies of the company Free up space in company buildings for other uses Increase speed of delivery for outsourced activities Increase quality of delivery for outsourced activities Free up management time Reduce cash outflow Increase employee productivity One theory on outsourcing states that outsourcing boosts the U.S. economy by stimulating trade and creating more jobs Outsourcing works both ways - many jobs in America are jobs that have been outsourced to America by foreign companies Some companies claim that bilingual workers in foreign-based call centers will benefit people who live in the U.S but who speak English as a second language

Cons:
Loss of jobs for Americans, especially those in customer service or technical fields Loss of direct control by the company over the management Quality problems, especially since, as stated by the CIO outsourcing guide, American workers outrank overseas workers in terms of the size and availability of the labor force, education level, relevant experience, language skills and turnover rates Slow response time, which can only lead to the frustration or anger of the customer Some customers have problems understanding the accents of overseas service agents Slow resolution times Many companies that outsource either lack internal process policies for specifying work or lack the the ability to effectively manage internal communication Due to a variety of factors, many overseas call centers are unable to produce desired results for the customer A reduction in product sales led by customers who are either frustrated with the company's service or who boycott companies that outsource The problems above usually lead to unhappy customers, employees, and unions

Although the benefits to the companies seem to outweigh the benefits to the American people, low labor costs will likely continue to be the driving factor behind offshoring, and current trends do not show a decrease in the practice. To ensure long-term financial success, companies must properly serve their customers, regardless of whether or not this entails outsourcing work. By focusing on striking a balance between saving money and providing the customer with quality products and services, a company has a better chance of sticking around in the market to serve the same loyal customers in the future.

Outsourcing: The Pros and Cons

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